Belief
Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 2 :: Hadith 9
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr:
The Prophet said, "A Muslim is the one who avoids harming
Muslims with his tongue and hands. And a Muhajir (emigrant) is the
one who gives up (abandons) all what Allah has forbidden."
The Index of Belief
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Belief
Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 2 :: Hadith 8
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Faith (Belief) consists of more than sixty
branches (i.e. parts). And Haya (This term "Haya" covers a large
number of concepts which are to be taken together; amongst them are
self respect, modesty, bashfulness, and scruple, etc.) is a part of
faith."
The Index of Belief
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Belief
Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 2 :: Hadith 7
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
Allah's Apostle said: Islam is based on (the following) five
(principles):
1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah
and Muhammad is Allah's Apostle.
2. To offer the (compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully
and perfectly.
3. To pay Zakat (i.e. obligatory charity) .
4. To perform Hajj. (i.e. Pilgrimage to Mecca)
5. To observe fast during the month of Ramadan.
The Index of Belief
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Revelation
Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 1 :: Hadith 6
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas:
Abu Sufyan bin Harb informed me that Heraclius had sent a
messenger to him while he had been accompanying a caravan from
Quraish. They were merchants doing business in Sham (Syria,
Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan), at the time when Allah's Apostle
had truce with Abu Sufyan and Quraish infidels. So Abu Sufyan and
his companions went to Heraclius at Ilya (Jerusalem). Heraclius
called them in the court and he had all the senior Roman
dignitaries around him. He called for his translator who,
translating Heraclius's question said to them, "Who amongst you is
closely related to that man who claims to be a Prophet?" Abu Sufyan
replied, "I am the nearest relative to him (amongst the
group)."
Heraclius said, "Bring him (Abu Sufyan) close to me and make his
companions stand behind him." Abu Sufyan added, Heraclius told his
translator to tell my companions that he wanted to put some
questions to me regarding that man (The Prophet) and that if I told
a lie they (my companions) should contradict me." Abu Sufyan added,
"By Allah! Had I not been afraid of my companions labeling me a
liar, I would not have spoken the truth about the Prophet. The
first question he asked me about him was:
'What is his family status amongst you?'
I replied, 'He belongs to a good (noble) family amongst us.'
Heraclius further asked, 'Has anybody amongst you ever claimed
the same (i.e. to be a Prophet) before him?'
I replied, 'No.'
He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?'
I replied, 'No.'
Heraclius asked, 'Do the nobles or the poor follow him?'
I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.'
He said, 'Are his followers increasing decreasing (day by
day)?'
I replied, 'They are increasing.'
He then asked, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his
religion become displeased and renounce the religion
afterwards?'
I replied, 'No.'
Heraclius said, 'Have you ever accused him of telling lies
before his claim (to be a Prophet)?'
I replied, 'No. '
Heraclius said, 'Does he break his promises?'
I replied, 'No. We are at truce with him but we do not know what
he will do in it.' I could not find opportunity to say anything
against him except that.
Heraclius asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?'
I replied, 'Yes.'
Then he said, 'What was the outcome of the battles?'
I replied, 'Sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.'
Heraclius said, 'What does he order you to do?'
I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah and Allah alone and not to
worship anything along with Him, and to renounce all that our
ancestors had said. He orders us to pray, to speak the truth, to be
chaste and to keep good relations with our Kith and kin.'
Heraclius asked the translator to convey to me the following, I
asked you about his family and your reply was that he belonged to a
very noble family. In fact all the Apostles come from noble
families amongst their respective peoples. I questioned you whether
anybody else amongst you claimed such a thing, your reply was in
the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would
have thought that this man was following the previous man's
statement. Then I asked you whether anyone of his ancestors was a
king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the
affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back
his ancestral kingdom.
I further asked whether he was ever accused of telling lies
before he said what he said, and your reply was in the negative. So
I wondered how a person who does not tell a lie about others could
ever tell a lie about Allah. I, then asked you whether the rich
people followed him or the poor. You replied that it was the poor
who followed him. And in fact all the Apostle have been followed by
this very class of people. Then I asked you whether his followers
were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were
increasing, and in fact this is the way of true faith, till it is
complete in all respects. I further asked you whether there was
anybody, who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and
discarded his religion. Your reply was in the negative, and in fact
this is (the sign of) true faith, when its delight enters the
hearts and mixes with them completely. I asked you whether he had
ever betrayed. You replied in the negative and likewise the
Apostles never betray. Then I asked you what he ordered you to do.
You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah and Allah alone
and not to worship any thing along with Him and forbade you to
worship idols and ordered you to pray, to speak the truth and to be
chaste. If what you have said is true, he will very soon occupy
this place underneath my feet and I knew it (from the scriptures)
that he was going to appear but I did not know that he would be
from you, and if I could reach him definitely, I would go
immediately to meet him and if I were with him, I would certainly
wash his feet.' Heraclius then asked for the letter addressed by
Allah's Apostle
which was delivered by Dihya to the Governor of Busra, who
forwarded it to Heraclius to read. The contents of the letter were
as follows: "In the name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful
(This letter is) from Muhammad the slave of Allah and His Apostle
to Heraclius the ruler of Byzantine. Peace be upon him, who follows
the right path. Furthermore I invite you to Islam, and if you
become a Muslim you will be safe, and Allah will double your
reward, and if you reject this invitation of Islam you will be
committing a sin by misguiding your Arisiyin (peasants). (And I
recite to you Allah's Statement:)
'O people of the scripture! Come to a word common to you and us
that we worship none but Allah and that we associate nothing in
worship with Him, and that none of us shall take others as Lords
beside Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we
are Muslims (those who have surrendered to Allah).' (3:64).
Abu Sufyan then added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech
and had read the letter, there was a great hue and cry in the Royal
Court. So we were turned out of the court. I told my companions
that the question of Ibn-Abi-Kabsha) (the Prophet Muhammad) has
become so prominent that even the King of Bani Al-Asfar (Byzantine)
is afraid of him. Then I started to become sure that he (the
Prophet) would be the conqueror in the near future till I embraced
Islam (i.e. Allah guided me to it)."
The sub narrator adds, "Ibn An-Natur was the Governor of llya'
(Jerusalem) and Heraclius was the head of the Christians of Sham.
Ibn An-Natur narrates that once while Heraclius was visiting ilya'
(Jerusalem), he got up in the morning with a sad mood. Some of his
priests asked him why he was in that mood? Heraclius was a
foreteller and an astrologer. He replied, 'At night when I looked
at the stars, I saw that the leader of those who practice
circumcision had appeared (become the conqueror). Who are they who
practice circumcision?' The people replied, 'Except the Jews nobody
practices circumcision, so you should not be afraid of them
(Jews).
'Just Issue orders to kill every Jew present in the
country.'
While they were discussing it, a messenger sent by the king of
Ghassan to convey the news of Allah's Apostle to Heraclius was
brought in. Having heard the news, he (Heraclius) ordered the
people to go and see whether the messenger of Ghassan was
circumcised. The people, after seeing him, told Heraclius that he
was circumcised. Heraclius then asked him about the Arabs. The
messenger replied, 'Arabs also practice circumcision.'
(After hearing that) Heraclius remarked that sovereignty of the
'Arabs had appeared. Heraclius then wrote a letter to his friend in
Rome who was as good as Heraclius in knowledge. Heraclius then left
for Homs. (a town in Syrian and stayed there till he received the
reply of his letter from his friend who agreed with him in his
opinion about the emergence of the Prophet and the fact that he was
a Prophet. On that Heraclius invited all the heads of the
Byzantines to assemble in his palace at Homs. When they assembled,
he ordered that all the doors of his palace be closed. Then he came
out and said, 'O Byzantines! If success is your desire and if you
seek right guidance and want your empire to remain then give a
pledge of allegiance to this Prophet (i.e. embrace Islam).'
(On hearing the views of Heraclius) the people ran towards the
gates of the palace like onagers but found the doors closed.
Heraclius realized their hatred towards Islam and when he lost the
hope of their embracing Islam, he ordered that they should be
brought back in audience.
(When they returned) he said, 'What already said was just to
test the strength of your conviction and I have seen it.' The
people prostrated before him and became pleased with him, and this
was the end of Heraclius's story (in connection with his
faith).
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